'Russell Villas' and other named
houses
Belle Vue Road
The capstone outside an unassuming semi-detached house
(or more aptly two
attached houses which look as if they have been sliced off an 1896
terrace, due to the
bend
in the road) in Belle Vue Road displays the word 'VILLAS' (close-up
below).

For years this white-painted composite/concrete shaped
capstone was covered
with ivy and creeper. When this was cleared away, the battered surface
was
found to proclaim the second word of the name 'Russell Villas'. There
is
no name and date plaque on these two houses as there often are on
others
in the road. They - and their companion semis at the bottom of the
plot,
facing Woodbridge Road: 'Shaftesbury Villas', being built somewhat out
of
the main sequence of housing in the late Victorian development on the
east
of Ipswich. Quite where the capstone bearing the word 'Russell' is, or
where
it could have been sited, is a mystery, but it may be significant that
the
same state of affairs exists with the capstone of Shaftesbury Villas,
too!
Perhaps there wasn't enough money left in 1896 to commission the
lettering.

And here is the picture of Shaftesbury Villas in
Woodbridge Road, similarly
bereft of its title capstone:

Incidentally, this part of town boasted at least two
asylums. Halfway up
Grove Lane on the left was 'The Grove Retreat', parts of which survived
until about 1990 when the bell-tower disappeared and the high strip of
land
along the ridge of the hill was developed as new housing. Nearer to the
above house once stood 'Belle Vue Retreat'. These were both probably
early
Victorian privately-run workhouses (rather than Union Workhouses see Links for a splendid site on them) which also
doubled as mental hospitals;
cases of 'lunatics' being admitted are common. The driveway off
Woodbridge
Road to the remote house in a wooded area atop the hill overlooking the
town probably formed the first part of Belle Vue Road. This was later
cut
through in a steep serpentine downward hill to meet the earlier
Alexandra
Road opposite the junction with Nottidge
Road.
Some of the gardens at the top bend of the hill still see many crocuses
springing up every year behind the late Victorian houses and it is
thought
that these are the only traces of Belle Vue Retreat and its gardens.
Here's a citation from a Norfolk Rossbret Institutions Website(see Links).
"Belle Vue Asylum, Ipswich
Pleasantly situated on the Woodbridge
Rd, is a
private establishment, for the
reception of persons afflicted with insanity. It was commenced in 1835,
by its present proprietor, Mr James Shaw, surgeon, & has
accommodations for 40 patients.
Source: White Directory 1844 - p 84
Submitted by Betty Longbottom"
and this from a later edition:-
"BELLE VUE ASYLUM, on the Woodbridge
road, has accommodations for about 40 patients and was opened in 1835,
for the reception of persons afflicted with insanity by the late Mr
James Shaw, surgeon, whose widow now conducts it. THE GROVE, the
residence of Dr Chevallier, is another private retreat for a select
number of persons afflicted with that worst of human maladies -
insanity. Both establishments have large gardens and pleasure grounds
and are under excellent management."
HISTORY, GAZETTEER, AND DIRECTORY OR SUFFOLK By WILLIAM WHITE,
1855.
The area opposite the house above is called Post Mill Close to
commemorate
one of the local windmills which stood near the site; the Mill Cottage
still stands there. These were collectively
known as Albion mills as the Woodbridge Road hill at this point is
called
Albion Hill (probably itself named after the large Napoleonic barracks
which
once stood on or around Parade Road and Khartoum Road). The pub on
Woodbridge
Road called 'Albion Mills' was itself an echo of these windmills; while
the pub was demolished in the early nineties, the bus stop nearby is
still
called Albion Mills. The windmills would have benefitted from the stiff
prevailing south-westerly winds which come up the Orwell valley and
strike
the Belle Vue hillside.
[UPDATE: 1.5.12. The red map
shown here dates to 1883. The railway bridge
at Woodbridge Road/Albion Hill over the cutting carrying the Felixstowe line can be see, but no Belle Vue
Road. The lane leading southwards to Mill House close to the bridge can
be seen, but no windmill at that date. However, "Belle Vue House" is
evident at the lower left with circular plantings of trees nearby. It
is also clear that the driveway up to Belle Vue Retreat come off
Woodbridge Road just above the Duke of York pub – probably at the
place where North Hill House stands, it's now beside North Hill Gardens
which seems to have been built in the asylum grounds.

Overlaying a map in blue dated 1902 shows the developments in just a
few years. Belle Vue Road has opened up the mill lane, followed the
bend past Mill House (Russell Villas are on the bend, with Shaftesbury
Villas on the same angled plot, but lower down and facing Woodbridge
Road. Going south-westwards from the bend the road clips the ends of
the two wings of the asylum; or where they would have been. We assume
that Belle Vue Retreat was demolished to make way for this development.
Houses were built piecemeal down this upper part of the road down as
far as Ashmere Grove and the steep twisting hill from there down to
Alexandra Road was built at a later date.]

California Estate
The whole area to the east of Belle Vue Road is called California
because
of the 'gold rush' frontier feel to the American-style grid system of
roads
which were imposed and developed as smallholdings by the Ipswich and
Suffolk
Freehold Land Sociey (which became Ipswich Building Society) around the
same time. Tenants raised livestock, dug stone, gravel and brickearth,
made
bricks, market gardened and made a small living in many ways from the
sizeable
plots around their modest cottages.

The widespread evidence of the involvement of the
Ipswich and Suffolk Freehold
Land Society is provided by these rather grand scrolled name plaques.
This
is:
'DEANS ... VILLAS
A.D. ... 1869'
above the shop fronts at 113 Felixstowe
Road.
The designs of the scrolls are quite varied.

Another even more florid example of a Freehold Land
Society property, carefully
tended by the owners:
'PERCY
COTTAGES'
(sadly no date, but 1860s/1870s
is
most likely). Location: Crabbe Street. We know of no other 'pleated
scroll'
name plaque in the area.

This surprisingly ornamental moulding encompassing the
date:
'1900'
is above
the bay window of Kunnan Singh's grocery and off-licence at the corner
of
Cauldwell Hall Road and Freehold Road (opposite the Lion's Head public
house).
A similar decoration appears above the windows fronting Cauldwell Hall
Road.
See our page on the nearby Kossuth
Cottage for more lettering examples.
Now a departure. There are many examples of house names on pillars and
plaques
in the town, but
'BEAUFORT BUILDINGS'
at 133 Norwich Road takes pride
of
place, if only for its scale and unreadability. Easily mistaken for
'Branfort
Buildings', the spidery lettering painted in this specially recessed
white
rectangle above the two front porches doesn't quite do the job for
which
it is intended.

There are one or two other examples of named
buildings on this web site, for example Ruskin
House in Foxhall Road, Tramway Place
and Grove Bakery in St Helens Street, plus some roundels.
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Historic Lettering site: Borin Van Loon
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